====== Start Synchronet on Linux as a Non-root user ======

===== systemd =====
If you're running any kind of recent (last 2yrs+) systemd, just put this line in the ''[Service]'' section of your ''[[https://gitlab.synchro.net/main/sbbs/-/blob/master/install/systemd/sbbs.service|sbbs.service]]'' file, if it isn't already:\\
''**AmbientCapabilities=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE**''

===== setcap =====
''setcap'' may be used to allow Synchronet (''sbbs'') for Linux to run completely as a **non-root** user by explicitly allowing the binary to bind low ports using the command-line:

  $ sudo /sbin/setcap 'cap_net_bind_service=+ep' `realpath /sbbs/exec/sbbs`

This will need to be re-ran any time the binary is rebuilt and can be automated by adding the ''setcap'' target to your ''make'' command-line executed in ''src/sbbs3'':
  $ make RELEASE=1 setcap symlinks
  
To confirm the bind capabilities were set successfully, run:
  $ sudo getcap `realpath /sbbs/exec/sbbs`
  /path/to/sbbs = cap_net_bind_service+ep
===== authbind =====

An alternative may be to use authbind. 

Install authbind using your favorite package manager for your Linux Distribution.

Configure it to grant access to the relevant ports, e.g. to allow 80, 21, 23,25, 110, etc 443 from all users and groups:

  sudo touch /etc/authbind/byport/80

  sudo touch /etc/authbind/byport/443

and so forth for all ports you are using below 1025 ...

  sudo chmod 777 /etc/authbind/byport/80

  sudo chmod 777 /etc/authbind/byport/443

and so forth for all ports you are using below 1025

Now execute your command via authbind (optionally specifying --deep or other arguments, see the man page):

  sudo authbind --deep /sbbs/exec/sbbs -d




===== See Also =====
  * [[:howto:|howto index]]

{{tag>linux}}